Resident Population in Arthur County, NE was 0.42300 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Arthur County, NE reached a record high of 0.60600 in January of 1970 and a record low of 0.34700 in January of 2009. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Arthur County, NE - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on April of 2026.