Resident Population in Polk County, IA was 516.18500 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Polk County, IA reached a record high of 516.18500 in January of 2024 and a record low of 286.13000 in January of 1970. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Polk County, IA - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on April of 2026.