Resident Population in Jefferson County, CO was 578.53300 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Jefferson County, CO reached a record high of 583.16900 in January of 2020 and a record low of 235.36800 in January of 1970. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Jefferson County, CO - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on April of 2026.