Resident Population in Jefferson County, NE was 7.13600 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Jefferson County, NE reached a record high of 10.60000 in January of 1971 and a record low of 7.02000 in January of 2019. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Jefferson County, NE - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on April of 2026.