Resident Population in Mercer County, IL was 15.29200 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Mercer County, IL reached a record high of 19.60000 in January of 1979 and a record low of 15.29200 in January of 2024. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Mercer County, IL - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on September of 2025.