Resident Population in Jefferson City, MO (MSA) was 151.52300 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Resident Population in Jefferson City, MO (MSA) reached a record high of 151.52300 in January of 2024 and a record low of 140.32000 in January of 2000. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Resident Population in Jefferson City, MO (MSA) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on April of 2026.