Poland Posts Widest Trade Surplus in 1-1/2-Years

Poland’s goods trade deficit expanded to €2.30 billion in December 2025, up from €1.99 billion in the same month a year earlier, as import growth slightly outpaced exports. Imports jumped 10.1% year-on-year to €29.65 billion, driven by stronger purchases of capital goods, particularly computers, as well as supply goods such as semi-finished iron and steel products. Exports increased at a slightly slower pace of 9.7%, reaching €27.35 billion. Growth was supported mainly by higher shipments of agricultural products and other consumer goods. Overseas sales of computers also rose, alongside supply goods and transport equipment components, notably aircraft engines. For the full year 2025, Poland’s goods balance swung to a €6.30 billion deficit, reversing the €2.59 billion surplus recorded in 2024.

Poland’s trade deficit widened to EUR 1.087 billion in November 2025 from EUR 930 million in the same month a year ago, as imports outpaced exports. Exports rose 2.7% to EUR 29.9 billion, but growth slowed across consumer goods, non-durable goods, agricultural products, capital goods, and transport equipment, while shipments of supplies also fell compared with November 2024. Imports increased 3.1% to EUR 30.9 billion, rising in only two of eight main categories, with supplies and durable consumer goods showing the largest declines. The drop in supplies was driven by lower imports of chemicals, semi-finished plastics, and falling fuel prices, including crude oil. The decline in durable consumer goods imports likely reflects lower prices of products imported from China.

Poland’s trade balance shifted to a surplus of EUR 553 million in October 2025 compared to a deficit of EUR 333 million in the same month a year ago. This was the largest trade surplus since April 2024, as exports outpaced imports. Exports climbed by 4.2% to an all-time high of EUR 32.4 billion, mainly on the back of other consumer goods, especially clothing, footwear, and video game consoles. Bus sales and agricultural shipments also increased. Conversely, passenger cars, auto parts, and supply goods saw declines. Imports rose more modestly, up 2.4% to EUR 31.8 billion, boosted by investment goods, particularly computers, and passenger car purchases, even as consumer goods and agricultural imports fell compared with October 2024.