Belgium Business Pessimism Deepens in December

The business confidence indicator in Belgium rose by 3.8 points to -11.0 in January 2026, rebounding from a seven-month low of -11.9 in December 2025 and exceeding the market consensus of -10.2. Confidence strengthened across key cyclical sectors. In the manufacturing industry (-11.0 vs -14.8 in December 2025), the rebound was driven by more optimistic assessments of total order books and, to a lesser extent, improved employment expectations. The building industry (-6.8 vs -8.3) recovered after monthly declines since October 2025, led by stronger demand expectations. Trade (-5.6 vs -13.8) saw a sharp improvement in sentiment as demand and supplier orders picked up, although firms plan to hire fewer staff in the coming three months. By contrast, business-related services (-2.7 vs -2.5) weakened for the second consecutive month, reflecting lower expectations for market demand and activity, partially offset by more positive assessments of current activity.

The business confidence indicator in Belgium fell 3.7 points to -11.9 in December 2025, marking the lowest reading since May and following -8.2 in November, well below the market consensus of -7.8. Confidence weakened across most sectors, with manufacturing industry (-14.8 vs -9.9) falling amid pessimistic order books, low stock levels, and weaker employment and demand expectations. Business-related services (-2.5 vs -2.2) remained largely stable, as negative assessments of current activity were offset by more optimistic expectations for future activity and market demand. Building industry (-8.3 vs -6.5) declined on reduced equipment use and lower order volumes. Trade (-13.8 vs -8.9) fell for the second consecutive month, driven by expectations of falling demand and reduced orders, though firms still plan to hire over the next three months.

The business confidence indicator in Belgium rose 0.8 points to -8.2 in November of 2025, above the market consensus of -8.7, but extending the streak of negative readings that started in early 2022. Pessimism eased for the manufacturing industry (-9.9 vs -11.2 in October) and business related services (-2.2 vs -3.9). On the other hand, the index fell for the building industry (-6.5 vs -6.1), while the prolonged period of uncertainty of US tariffs continued to dampen trade (-8.9 vs -6.1).