Euro area - Unemployment, total

Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) in Euro area was reported at 10.07 % in 2016, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources.



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Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.


Euro area | Education

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)
99.77 %
Ratio of young literate females to males (% ages 15-24)
100 %
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)
99.75 %
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
99.76 %
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
99.1 %
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
98.84 %
Duration of compulsory education (years)
10 years
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment
99.58 %
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment
99.33 %
Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment
117 %
Preprimary education, duration (years)
3 years
Enrolment in pre-primary education, both sexes
10351343 Persons
Enrolment in pre-primary education, female
5023738 Persons
Percentage of students in pre-primary education who are female
48.53 %
School enrollment, preprimary (% gross)
101 %
School enrollment, preprimary, female (% gross)
100 %
School enrollment, preprimary, male (% gross)
101 %
Percentage of enrolment in pre-primary education in private institutions
33.3 %
Teachers in pre-primary education, both sexes
798790 Persons
Teachers in pre-primary education, female
752736 Persons
Percentage of teachers in pre-primary education who are female
94.23 %
Primary completion rate, female
97.65 %
Primary completion rate, male
96.59 %
Cumulative drop-out rate to the last grade of primary education, female
3.19 %
Cumulative drop-out rate to the last grade of primary education, male
4.91 %
Cumulative drop-out rate to the last grade of primary education, both sexes
4.07 %
Primary education, duration (years)
6 years
Primary education, pupils
17892536
Enrolment in primary education, female
8823779 Persons
Primary education, pupils (% female)
48.61 %
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary
12.99
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
103 %
School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)
103 %
School enrollment, primary, male (% gross)
103 %
Gross intake rate in grade 1, female
97.4 %
Gross intake rate in grade 1, male
98.29 %
Gross intake rate in grade 1, total
97.85 %
School enrollment, primary (% net)
97.5 %
School enrollment, primary, female (% net)
97.54 %
School enrollment, primary, male (% net)
97.45 %
School enrollment, primary, private (% of total primary)
13.86 %
Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort)
97.18 %
Persistence to last grade of primary, male (% of cohort)
95.8 %
Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort)
96.47 %
Repeaters, primary, female (% of female enrollment)
2 %
Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment)
2.54 %
Repeaters, primary, total (% of total enrollment)
2.28 %
Primary education, teachers
1377074
Teachers in primary education, female
1161100 Persons
Primary education, teachers (% female)
84.09 %
Total enrollment, primary (% net)
98.44 %
Total enrollment, primary, female (% net)
98.57 %
Total enrollment, primary, male (% net)
98.31 %
Children out of school, primary
270871
Children out of school, primary, female
121
Children out of school, primary, male
150243
Lower secondary completion rate, female
84.26 %
Lower secondary completion rate, male
82.44 %
Lower secondary completion rate, total
83.33 %
Secondary education, duration (years)
6 years
Secondary education, pupils
27763396
Enrolment in secondary education, female
13603823 Persons
Percentage of female students in secondary education enrolled in vocational programmes, female
22.69 %
Secondary education, pupils (% female)
48.54 %
Secondary education, general pupils
20839886
Enrolment in secondary general, female
10517159 Persons
Secondary education, general pupils (% female)
50.41 %
Percentage of male students in secondary education enrolled in vocational programmes, male
28.38 %
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary
11.71
Secondary education, vocational pupils
6923510
Enrolment in secondary vocational, female
3086665 Persons
Secondary education, vocational pupils (% female)
42.89 %
Percentage of students in secondary education enrolled in vocational programmes, both sexes
25.62 %
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
110 %
School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross)
110 %
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, both sexes
110 %
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, female
109 %
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, male
111 %
School enrollment, secondary, male (% gross)
110 %
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, both sexes
113 %
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, female
113 %
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, male
114 %
School enrollment, secondary (% net)
90.58 %
School enrollment, secondary, female (% net)
91.1 %
School enrollment, secondary, male (% net)
90.09 %
School enrollment, secondary, private (% of total secondary)
16.47 %
Progression to secondary school, female
97.91 %
Progression to secondary school, male
97.65 %
Progression to secondary school
97.68 %
Repeaters, secondary, female (% of female enrollment)
4.04 %
Repeaters, secondary, male (% of male enrollment)
5.51 %
Repeaters, secondary, total (% of total enrollment)
4.77 %
Secondary education, teachers
2370008
Secondary education, teachers, female
1468262
Secondary education, teachers (% female)
61.95 %
Enrolment in tertiary education, all programmes, both sexes
13041961 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, all programmes, female
6876493 Persons
Percentage of students in tertiary education who are female
52.73 %
School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)
68.07 %
School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross)
73.5 %
School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross)
62.87 %
Teachers in tertiary education, both sexes
1028178 Persons
Teachers in tertiary education programmes, female
407781
Tertiary education; teachers (% female)
39.12 %
Gross enrolment ratio, primary to tertiary, both sexes
98.82 %
Current education expenditure, primary (% of total expenditure in primary public institutions)
94.04 %
Current education expenditure, secondary (% of total expenditure in secondary public institutions)
94.84 %
Current education expenditure, tertiary (% of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions)
90.93 %
Current education expenditure, total (% of total expenditure in public institutions)
94.15 %
All education staff compensation, primary (% of total expenditure in primary public institutions)
74.82 %
All education staff compensation, secondary (% of total expenditure in secondary public institutions)
73.81 %
All education staff compensation, tertiary (% of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions)
60.49 %
All education staff compensation, total (% of total expenditure in public institutions)
72.46 %
Expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita)
21.1 %
Expenditure on primary as % of government expenditure on education
25.26 %
Expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita)
24.95 %
Expenditure on secondary as % of government expenditure on education
40.7 %
Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita)
26.49 %
Expenditure on tertiary as % of government expenditure on education
22.51 %
Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure)
11.56 %
Public spending on education, total (% of GDP)
5.31 %
Labor force, female
45.88 %
Labor force, total
162514205
Unemployment, female
10.43 %
Unemployment, male
9.76 %
Unemployment, total
10.07 %
Emigration rate of tertiary educated (% of total tertiary educated population)
7.1 %
Population ages 0-14 (% of total)
15.13 %
Population ages 15-64 (% of total)
64.84 %
Population of the official age for pre-primary education, female
4910155 Persons
Population of the official age for pre-primary education, both sexes
10079655 Persons
Population of the official age for pre-primary education, male
5169500 Persons
Population of the official age for the last grade of primary education, female
1621167 Persons
Population of the official age for the last grade of primary education, male
1703198 Persons
Population of the official age for the last grade of primary education, both sexes
3324365 Persons
Population of the official age for primary education, female
8527056 Persons
Population of the official age for primary education, both sexes
17495508 Persons
Population of the official age for primary education, male
8968452 Persons
Population of the official age for lower secondary education, female
6547717 Persons
Population of the official age for lower secondary education, both sexes
13425312 Persons
Population of the official age for lower secondary education, male
6877595 Persons
Population of the official age for secondary education, female
12288074 Persons
Population of the official age for secondary education, both sexes
25179952 Persons
Population of the official age for secondary education, male
12891878 Persons
Population of the official age for upper secondary education, female
5740357 Persons
Population of the official age for upper secondary education, both sexes
11754640 Persons
Population of the official age for upper secondary education, male
6014283 Persons
Population of the official age for tertiary education, female
9012562 Persons
Population of the official age for tertiary education, both sexes
18368574 Persons
Population of the official age for tertiary education, male
9356012 Persons
Primary completion rate, gender parity index
1.01 GPI
Gross intake ratio to Grade 1 of primary education, gender parity index
0.9931 GPI
Enrolment in Grade 1 of primary education, both sexes
3473265 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 1 of primary education, female
1684181 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 2 of primary education, both sexes
3544088 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 2 of primary education, female
1719062 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 3 of primary education, both sexes
3483713 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 3 of primary education, female
1695397 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 4 of primary education, both sexes
3460825 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 4 of primary education, female
1682952 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 5 of primary education, both sexes
2562714 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 5 of primary education, female
1249914 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 6 of primary education, both sexes
1193363 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 6 of primary education, female
579784 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 7 of primary education, both sexes
63512 Persons
Enrolment in Grade 7 of primary education, female
31284 Persons
Enrolment in primary education, private institutions, both sexes
2493469 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary education, both sexes
14745803 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary education, female
7121989 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary general, both sexes
14251182 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary general, female
6906829 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary vocational, both sexes
494621 Persons
Enrolment in lower secondary vocational, female
215160 Persons
Enrolment in secondary education, private institutions, both sexes
4585352 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary education, both sexes
13309612 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary education, female
6481834 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary general, both sexes
6616810 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary general, female
3610330 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary vocational, both sexes
6692802 Persons
Enrolment in upper secondary vocational, female
2871505 Persons
Enrolment in post-secondary non-tertiary education, both sexes
1078358 Persons
Enrolment in post-secondary non-tertiary education, female
607016 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 5 programmes, both sexes
1072279 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 5 programmes, female
532214 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 6 programmes, both sexes
7672356
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 6 programmes, female
3999984
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 7 programmes, both sexes
3806106 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 7 programmes, female
2121026 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 8 programmes, both sexes
491219 Persons
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 8 programmes, female
223268 Persons
Percentage of students in post-secondary non-tertiary education who are female
56.29 %
Percentage of students in tertiary ISCED 5 programmes who are female
49.63 %
Percentage of all inbound internationally mobile students in tertiary education in the host country who are female,
52.57 %
Percentage of students in tertiary ISCED 6 programmes who are female
52.14 %
Percentage of students in tertiary ISCED 7 programmes who are female
55.73 %
Percentage of students in tertiary ISCED 8 programmes who are female
45.45 %
Percentage of teachers in lower secondary education who are female
66.82 %
Percentage of teachers in upper secondary education who are female
57.92 %
Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, gender parity index
0.9928 GPI
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, both sexes
108 %
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, female
108 %
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and secondary, male
109 %
Gross enrolment ratio, primary to tertiary, female
100 %
Gross enrolment ratio, primary to tertiary, gender parity index
1.03 GPI
Gross enrolment ratio, primary to tertiary, male
97.43 %
Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, gender parity index
0.9812 GPI
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, gender parity index
0.9946 GPI
Gross outbound enrolment ratio, all regions, both sexes
2.52 %
Percentage of students in lower secondary education enrolled in vocational programmes, both sexes
3.35 %
Percentage of students in upper secondary education enrolled in vocational programmes, both sexes
50.29 %
Total inbound internationally mobile students, female
465109 Persons
Total inbound internationally mobile students, both sexes
884516 Persons
Inbound mobility rate, both sexes
6.78 %
New entrants to Grade 1 of primary education, both sexes
3394334 Persons
New entrants to Grade 1 of primary education, female
1647940 Persons
Net enrolment rate, primary, gender parity index
1 GPI
Net enrolment rate, secondary, gender parity index
1.01 GPI
Total net enrolment rate, primary, gender parity index
1 GPI
Net intake rate to Grade 1 of primary education, gender parity index
1 GPI
Adjusted net intake rate to Grade 1 of primary education, both sexes
96.34 %
Adjusted net intake rate to Grade 1 of primary education, female
96.95 %
Adjusted net intake rate to Grade 1 of primary education, gender parity index
1.01 GPI
Adjusted net intake rate to Grade 1 of primary education, male
95.77 %
Total outbound internationally mobile tertiary students studying abroad, all countries, both sexes
470033 Persons
Out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, both sexes
280744 Persons
Out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, female
123397 Persons
Out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, male
141171 Persons
Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes
3.71 %
Pupil-teacher ratio in lower secondary education (headcount basis)
11.47
Pupil-teacher ratio in upper secondary education (headcount basis)
11.83
Repeaters in primary education, all grades, both sexes
405591 Persons
Repeaters in primary education, all grades, female
322541 Persons
Repeaters in lower secondary general education, all grades, both sexes
551270 Persons
Repeaters in lower secondary general education, all grades, female
223870 Persons
Percentage of repeaters in primary education, all grades, gender parity index
4.1 GPI
Percentage of repeaters in lower secondary general education, all grades, both sexes
3.87 %
Percentage of repeaters in lower secondary general education, all grades, female
3.24 %
Percentage of repeaters in lower secondary general education, all grades, male
4.46 %
Rate of out-of-school children of primary school age, both sexes
1.08 %
Rate of out-of-school children of primary school age, female
1.13 %
Rate of out-of-school children of primary school age, male
1.03 %
Rate of out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, both sexes
2.09 %
Rate of out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, female
1.67 %
Rate of out-of-school adolescents of lower secondary school age, male
1.82 %
Population of the official entrance age to primary education, both sexes
3419226 Persons
Population of the official entrance age to primary education, female
1665939 Persons
Population of the official entrance age to primary education, male
1753287 Persons
Population of the official age for post-secondary non-tertiary education, both sexes
6210057 Persons
Population of the official age for post-secondary non-tertiary education, female
3039187 Persons
Population of the official age for post-secondary non-tertiary education, male
3170870 Persons
School life expectancy, pre-primary, both sexes (years)
3.04 years
School life expectancy, pre-primary, female (years)
3.03 years
School life expectancy, pre-primary, male (years)
3.05 years
School life expectancy, primary and secondary, both sexes (years)
13.37 years
School life expectancy, primary and secondary, female (years)
13.3 years
School life expectancy, primary and secondary, gender parity index
0.9906 GPI
School life expectancy, primary and secondary, male (years)
13.43 years
School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, gender parity index
1.03 GPI
School life expectancy, tertiary, both sexes (years)
3.35 years
School life expectancy, tertiary, female (years)
3.6 years
School life expectancy, tertiary, gender parity index
1.16 GPI
School life expectancy, tertiary, male (years)
3.1 years
School life expectancy, primary and lower secondary (excluding repetition), female (years)
9.32 years
School life expectancy, primary and lower secondary (excluding repetition), gender parity index
0.9995 GPI
School life expectancy, primary and lower secondary (excluding repetition), male (years)
9.32 years
School life expectancy, primary and lower secondary (excluding repetition), both sexes (years)
9.32 years
Survival rate to the last grade of primary education, gender parity index
1.02 GPI
Teachers in lower secondary education, both sexes
1285512 Persons
Teachers in lower secondary education, female
858918 Persons
Teachers in upper secondary education, both sexes
1125481 Persons
Teachers in upper secondary education, female
651928 Persons
Percentage of all students in tertiary education enrolled in ISCED 5, both sexes
8.22 %
Percentage of all students in tertiary education enrolled in ISCED 6, both sexes
58.83 %
Percentage of all students in tertiary education enrolled in ISCED 7, both sexes
29.18 %
Percentage of all students in tertiary education enrolled in ISCED 8, both sexes
3.77 %
Effective transition rate from primary to lower secondary general education, gender parity index
1